Journal: Glia
Article Title: Novel potent liposome agonists of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 phenocopy antibody treatment in cells
doi: 10.1002/glia.24252
Figure Lengend Snippet: Optimized liposome particles are strong triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) agonists. (a) phosphorylated‐spleen tyrosine kinase (p‐Syk) signal increase in TREM2‐DAP12 expressing human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell line (clone B1) upon antibody or liposome treatment. Starved B1 were stimulated for 5 min using AF1828 agonistic TREM2 antibody or indicated liposome formulations (F#1 to F#4 with percentage molar composition listed in left schema) at two concentrations (50 or 500 μg/ml). p‐Syk and total Syk levels were quantified in lysates using AlphaLISA kits. Each p‐Syk signal is normalized according to its corresponding total Syk signal. The induction signal plotted is the ratio of normalized p‐Syk signal for a treatment condition compared to vehicle treated cells. Data are presented as mean ± SD from four well/condition and were representative of three independent experiments. The same data format is used for panels B and C. (b) Kinetic of p‐Syk signal in AF1828 or liposome (formulation 3) treated B1 cells. Same protocol was used as in panel A but using an extended time course. (c) p‐Syk signal induction in TREM1‐Dap12 expressing HEK cell line (clone H). Cells were treated for 5 and 30 min using AF1278 TREM1 agonist antibody (10 μg/ml), AF1828 TREM2 antibody, or a concentration of 500 μg/ml of indicated liposome. CHO, cholesterol; DOPC, dioleoyl‐phosphocholine; DOPEG, dioleoyl‐phospho‐(ethylene glycol); DOPS, dioleoyl‐phospho‐L‐serine; DPPC, dipalmitoyl‐phosphocholine.
Article Snippet: The primary antibodies were obtained from the indicated providers: goat polyclonal anti‐hTREM2 (AF1828, R&D Systems), rabbit monoclonal anti‐hTREM2 (ab209814), rabbit monoclonal anti‐DAP12 (ab124834 Abcam), rabbit monoclonal anti‐APP (CST29765), rabbit monoclonal anti‐GAPDH (CST 5174), mouse monoclonal anti‐ β‐Actin (A2228, Sigma Aldrich), goat polyclonal anti‐hTREM1 (AF1278, R&D Systems), monoclonal mouse anti‐TREM1 (MAB1278, R&D Systems), goat polyclonal F(ab)2 IgG (H + L) PE‐conjugated Antibody (F0102B), monoclonal Mouse IgG1 anti‐human TREM‐1 PE‐conjugated Antibody (FAB1278P), monoclonal Rat IgG2B anti‐ Human/Mouse TREM2 PE‐conjugated Antibody (FAB17291P).
Techniques: Expressing, Formulation, Concentration Assay